What is constructed wetland system?
Constructed wetlands are treatment systems that use natural processes involving wetland vegetation, soils, and their associated microbial assemblages to improve water quality.
How effective is constructed wetlands?
If properly built, maintained and operated, constructed wetlands can effectively remove many pollutants associated with municipal and industrial wastewater and stormwater. Such systems are especially efficient at removing contaminants such as BOD, suspended solids, nitrogen, phosphorus, hydrocarbons, and even metals.
What are the limitations of constructed wetlands?
The major limitations are poor nutrient (nitrogen and phosphorus) removal, large land area requirements (referred in this document as footprint), and oxygen transfer limitation. The design of CWs depends on many factors such as required effluent quality, footprint, technology combinations, and use of energy.
What do Constructed wetlands do?
Constructed wetlands provide simple and effective wastewater treatment. They can be used to treat domestic, agricultural, industrial and mining wastewaters. Their construction costs are much less (50 to 90%) than conventional systems and their operating costs are very low.
What do constructed wetlands do?
What is the purpose of constructed wetland?
Constructed wetlands are engineered ecosystems designed to treat wastewater including sewage, stormwater and agricultural runoff. Wetland water treatment systems use plants and naturally occurring microorganisms to reduce nutrients, pathogens and sediments which are present is wastewaters.
Can we construct on wetland?
Yes. It is always recommended to avoid constructing in wetlands and build elsewhere if possible. Some construction projects may fail because they are built in areas that are naturally prone to wetness. Also, if you avoid impacting wetlands, no permit is required.
What type of water is found in wetlands?
Types. The water in wetlands is either freshwater, brackish, or saltwater. There are four main kinds of wetlands – marsh, swamp, bog and fen (bogs and fens being types of mires). Some experts also recognize wet meadows and aquatic ecosystems as additional wetland types.
What plants are used in constructed wetlands?
Macrophytes have important roles in free water surface constructed wetlands. FWS CWs are used for treatment of various types of wastewaters. Most common plant genera used in FWS CWs are Typha, Scirpus and Phragmites.